TypeScript Bitwise Operators

Bitwise operators in TypeScript work on bits and perform bit-by-bit operations. They are mostly used when working with binary data or flags.

List of Bitwise Operators in TypeScript:

AND (&)

The & operator compares each bit of two numbers. It returns 1 only if both bits are 1; otherwise, it returns 0.

Example:

let a = 5;  // 0101 in binary
let b = 3;  // 0011 in binary
 
let result = a & b;  // 0001 in binary, which is 1
console.log(result);  // Output: 1

OR (|)

The | operator compares each bit of two numbers. It returns 1 if at least one of the bits is 1.

Example:

let a = 5;  // 0101 in binary
let b = 3;  // 0011 in binary
 
let result = a | b;  // 0111 in binary, which is 7
console.log(result);  // Output: 7

XOR (^)

The ^ operator compares each bit of two numbers. It returns 1 if the bits are different (one is 1 and the other is 0).

Example:

let a = 5;  // 0101 in binary
let b = 3;  // 0011 in binary
 
let result = a ^ b;  // 0110 in binary, which is 6
console.log(result);  // Output: 6

NOT (~)

The ~ operator inverts each bit of the operand (changes 1 to 0 and 0 to 1).

Example:

let a = 5;  // 0101 in binary
 
let result = ~a;  // 1010 in binary, which is -6
console.log(result);  // Output: -6

Left Shift (<<)

The << operator shifts the bits of a number to the left by a specified number of positions. It adds 0 in the new positions on the right.

Example:

let a = 5;  // 0101 in binary
 
let result = a << 1;  // 1010 in binary, which is 10
console.log(result);  // Output: 10

Right Shift (>>)

The >> operator shifts the bits of a number to the right by a specified number of positions.

Example:

let a = 5;  // 0101 in binary
 
let result = a >> 1;  // 0010 in binary, which is 2
console.log(result);  // Output: 2

Unsigned Right Shift (>>>)

The >>> operator shifts the bits of a number to the right by a specified number of positions, but it always fills the new positions with 0 regardless of the sign of the number.

Example:

let a = -5;  // 11111111111111111111111111111011 in binary
 
let result = a >>> 1;  // 01111111111111111111111111111101 in binary, which is 2147483643
console.log(result);  // Output: 2147483643

Conclusion

Bitwise operators are helpful when dealing with low-level operations such as flags or binary data. The operators work at the bit level and can be used to manipulate data efficiently.